选择补丁类型选择RU
选择对应的版本12.2.0.1
选择最新的补丁
选择对应的操作系统
点击下载
查看readme信息确认opatch版本
You must use the OPatch utility version 12.2.0.1.28 or later to apply this patch. Oracle recommends that you use the latest released OPatch version for 12.2, which
查看当前数据库的opath版本及补丁情形
$ opatch versionOPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.6 版本过低$opatch lspatchesThere are no Interim patches installed in this Oracle Home "/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1".$opatch lsinventoryOracle Database 12c 12.2.0.1.0There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.There are no Interim patches installed in this Oracle Home.查看补丁更新情形SQL>set line 200col ACTION_TIME format a40col COMMENTS format a30col version format a25SQL> SQSQL> SQL> select action_time, version,id,COMMENTS from dba_registry_history;ACTION_TIME VERSION ID COMMENTS---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ 12.2.0.1 RDBMS_12.2.0.1.0_LINUX.X64_170没有安装任何补丁。下载opatch
https://updates.oracle.com/download/6880880.html 选择对应的版本及操作系统
点击下载
补丁更新过程
1、数据库状态检讨-日常巡检脚本检讨数据库无问题。数据库备份等事情。
2、更新OPatch工具
oracle用户添加opatch路径到环境变量vi .bash_profile修正如下export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatchsource .bash_profile$ unzip p6880880_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME$ opatch versionOPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.37OPatch succeeded.
3、冲突检讨
解压补丁$ unzip p33587128_122010_Linux-x86-64-Patch.zipcd 33587128/$ lscustom etc files README.html README.txt$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.37Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.PREREQ sessionOracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory from : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.locOPatch version : 12.2.0.1.37OUI version : 12.2.0.1.4Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2023-06-13_17-33-29PM_1.logInvoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed. 没有冲突，如果创造冲突须要办理后才可连续OPatch succeeded.
4、数据库及监听停滞
SQL>shutdown immediate$lsnrctl stop更新前建议手动重启数据库一次确认数据库可正常启动停滞。建议针对数据库进行冷备包括软件及数据库文件。tar -pcvzf app.tar.gz app
5、运用补丁
数据库及监听停滞后进行补丁运用，进入补丁目录实行opatch apply33587128]$ opatch applyOracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.37Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory from : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.locOPatch version : 12.2.0.1.37OUI version : 12.2.0.1.4Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2023-06-13_17-34-03PM_1.logVerifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...OPatch continues with these patches: 33587128 Do you want to proceed? [y|n]y User Responded with: YAll checks passed.Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1')Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]yUser Responded with: YBacking up files...Patching component oracle.rdbms.util, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.network.rsf, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.ctx, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.has.common.cvu, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.ldap.owm, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.nlsrtl.rsf, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.oracore.rsf, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.oraolap, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.deconfig, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf.ic, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.sdo, 12.2.0.1.0...Patching component oracle.sdo.locator, 12.2.0.1.0...OPatch found the word "error" in the stderr of the make command.Please look at this stderr. You can re-run this make command.Stderr output:chmod: changing permissions of ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/extjobO’: Operation not permittedmake: [iextjob] Error 1 (ignored)Patch 33587128 successfully applied.OPatch Session completed with warnings.Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2023-06-13_17-34-03PM_1.log
补丁更新过程涌现如下缺点。
OPatch found the word "error" in the stderr of the make command.Please look at this stderr. You can re-run this make command.Stderr output:chmod: changing permissions of ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/extjobO’: Operation not permitted
make: [iextjob] Error 1 (ignored)
查看mos后报错可以忽略《安装Proactive Bundle / PSU Patch报错 "chmod: changing permissions of `$ORACLE_HOME/bin/extjobO': Operation not permitted" (Doc ID 2668094.1)》
6、数据库加载补丁（datapatch -verbose）
启动数据库进行补丁加载QL> startupORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 2516582400 bytesFixed Size 8623832 bytesVariable Size 671090984 bytesDatabase Buffers 1828716544 bytesRedo Buffers 8151040 bytesDatabase mounted.Database opened.SQL> select action_time, version,id,COMMENTS from dba_registry_history;ACTION_TIME---------------------------------------------------------------------------VERSION ID------------------------------ ----------COMMENTS--------------------------------------------------------------------------------12.2.0.1RDBMS_12.2.0.1.0_LINUX.X64_170125 数据库内仍旧为数据库的根本版本补丁未加载。cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch OPatch]$ ./datapatch -verboseSQL Patching tool version 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Jun 13 17:47:19 2023Copyright (c) 2012, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.Log file for this invocation: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_16537_2023_06_13_17_47_19/sqlpatch_invocation.logConnecting to database...OKBootstrapping registry and package to current versions...doneDetermining current state...doneCurrent state of SQL patches:Bundle series DBRU: ID 220118 in the binary registry and not installed in the SQL registryAdding patches to installation queue and performing prereq checks...Installation queue: Nothing to roll back The following patches will be applied: 33587128 (DATABASE JAN 2022 RELEASE UPDATE 12.2.0.1.220118)Installing patches...[oracle@ora12c 33587128]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch[oracle@ora12c OPatch]$ ./datapatch -verboseSQL Patching tool version 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Jun 13 17:47:19 2023Copyright (c) 2012, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.Log file for this invocation: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_16537_2023_06_13_17_47_19/sqlpatch_invocation.logConnecting to database...OKBootstrapping registry and package to current versions...doneDetermining current state...doneCurrent state of SQL patches:Bundle series DBRU: ID 220118 in the binary registry and not installed in the SQL registryAdding patches to installation queue and performing prereq checks...Installation queue: Nothing to roll back The following patches will be applied: 33587128 (DATABASE JAN 2022 RELEASE UPDATE 12.2.0.1.220118)Installing patches...Patch installation complete. Total patches installed: 1Validating logfiles...Patch 33587128 apply: SUCCESS logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/33587128/24566093/33587128_apply_ORADB_2023Jun13_17_47_28.log (no errors)SQL Patching tool complete on Tue Jun 13 17:49:03 2023再次查看数据库信息select patch_id,version,action,status,description,bundle_series from dba_registry_sqlpatchSQL> / PATCH_ID VERSIONACTIONSTATUS DESCRIPTION BUNDLE_SERIES---------- -------------------- --------------- ------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ 33587128 12.2.0.1APPLYSUCCESS DATABASE JAN 2022 RELEASE UPDA DBRU TE 12.2.0.1.220118补丁加载成功
注：曾经碰着过补丁加载不堪利报错如下（个例）
$ datapatch -verboseSQL Patching tool version 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Jun xx 10:07:10 2023Copyright (c) 2012, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.mkdir /data/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs: 13 at /data1/oradata/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/sqlpatch/sqlpatch.pm line 802.Please refer to MOS Note 1609718.1 and/or the invocation logfor information on how to resolve the above errors.SQL Patching tool complete on Fri Jun xx 10:07:10 2023查看此文件的802行sqlpatch/sqlpatch.pm line，确定是对应的logdir无法创建导致。 802 if (!make_path($invocation_logdir)) { 803 # Could not create directory 804 print "Could not create invocation log directory $invocation_logdir\n"; 805 $ret = 1; 806 goto initialize_complete; 807 }进行目录权限检讨，创造目录的属主为root，oracle肯定无法创建。 ls -ld /data/app/oracledrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 19 Mar 14 21:14 /data/app/oracle临时办理给oracle的目录增加w权限]# chmod o+w .[root@xx oracle]# ls -ld .drwxr-xrwx. 3 root root 19 Mar 14 21:14 .再次运行datapatch命令，补丁成功加载$ datapatch -verboseSQL Patching tool version 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Jun 16 10:10:52 2023Copyright (c) 2012, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.Log file for this invocation: /data/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_12302_2023_06_16_10_10_52/sqlpatch_invocation.logConnecting to database...OKBootstrapping registry and package to current versions...doneDetermining current state...done
7、无效工具处理
查看无效工具select t.owner, t.object_type, t.object_name, t.status from dba_objects t where t.status = 'INVALID';如果返回为0则没有无效工具产生，如果有返回值实行如下cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/adminsqlplus /nologSQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBASQL> @utlrp.sql补丁回滚
如补丁更新后数据库不正常或运用访问存在问题可能会进行补丁回滚，步骤如下
1、停滞数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate;Database closed.Database dismounted.ORACLE instance shut down.
2、回滚补丁
$ opatch rollback -id 33587128 实行rollback命令Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.37Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory from : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.locOPatch version : 12.2.0.1.37OUI version : 12.2.0.1.4Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2023-06-14_09-08-14AM_1.logPatches will be rolled back in the following order: 33587128The following patch(es) will be rolled back: 33587128 Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1')Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]yUser Responded with: YRollbackSession removing interim patch '33587128' from inventoryLog file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2023-06-14_09-08-14AM_1.logOPatch succeeded.
3、数据库中回滚补丁
启动数据库此时数据库中补丁信息仍旧存在SQL> select patch_id,version,action,status,description,bundle_series from dba_registry_sqlpatch 2 ; PATCH_ID VERSIONACTIONSTATUS---------- -------------------- --------------- -------------------------DESCRIPTION--------------------------------------------------------------------------------BUNDLE_SERIES------------------------------ 33587128 12.2.0.1APPLYSUCCESSDATABASE JAN 2022 RELEASE UPDATE 12.2.0.1.220118DBRU实行datapatch -verbose命令rollback对应的补丁。$ datapatch -verboseSQL Patching tool version 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jun 14 09:12:17 2023Copyright (c) 2012, 2017, Oracle. All rights reserved.Log file for this invocation: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_18446_2023_06_14_09_12_18/sqlpatch_invocation.logConnecting to database...OKBootstrapping registry and package to current versions...doneDetermining current state...doneCurrent state of SQL patches:Bundle series DBRU: Not installed in the binary registry and ID 220118 in the SQL registryAdding patches to installation queue and performing prereq checks...Installation queue: The following patches will be rolled back: 33587128 (DATABASE JAN 2022 RELEASE UPDATE 12.2.0.1.220118) Nothing to applyInstalling patches...Patch installation complete. Total patches installed: 1Validating logfiles...Patch 33587128 rollback: SUCCESS logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/33587128/24566093/33587128_rollback_ORADB_2023Jun14_09_12_23.log (no errors)SQL Patching tool complete on Wed Jun 14 09:13:53 2023
4、查看数据库中的补丁情形
select patch_id,version,action,status,description,bundle_series from dba_registry_sqlpatchSQL> / PATCH_ID VERSIONACTIONSTATUS DESCRIPTION BUNDLE_SERIES---------- -------------------- --------------- ------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ 33587128 12.2.0.1APPLYSUCCESS DATABASE JAN 2022 RELEASE UPDA DBRU TE 12.2.0.1.220118 33587128 12.2.0.1ROLLBACKSUCCESS DATABASE JAN 2022 RELEASE UPDA DBRU TE 12.2.0.1.220118补丁已经成功rollback
